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Morphology Control in Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion Nanocomposites through Tailored Structure, Formulation, and
Garrett M Abrahamsen1, Zoe A B Lequeux1, Lisa K Kemp1
1School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive # 5050, Hattiesburg, Mississippi39406, United States.
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|April 18, 2025
Summary
This study explores waterborne polyurethane dispersion (PUD) film formation, revealing how hard segment content and environmental factors influence morphology. Understanding these PUD structures is key for developing advanced, eco-friendly materials.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Waterborne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) are gaining traction as eco-friendly materials.
- PUD film morphology is crucial for controlling material properties but remains poorly understood.
- Hard segment (HS) interactions, colloidal particles, and water interactions complicate PUD morphology formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate structure-property-processing relationships in PUDs.
- To understand how HS content, relative humidity, and particle size affect dry film morphology.
- To control PUD composition and processing for enhanced nanoadditive dispersion.
Main Methods:
- Studied two diisocyanate systems: hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).
- Analyzed the impact of HS content, relative humidity, and particle size on PUD morphology.
- Controlled PUD compositions and processing conditions to create nanocomposite films.
Main Results:
- HDI-based films showed humidity-sensitive, semicrystalline morphologies with distinct HS superstructures.
- IPDI-based films exhibited spherical morphologies, with particle size and zeta potential influencing coalescence suppression.
- Achieved enhanced dispersion of nanoadditives in PUD nanocomposite films.
Conclusions:
- PUD morphology is highly dependent on the diisocyanate type and processing conditions.
- Relative humidity significantly impacts HDI-based PUD film structures.
- Particle characteristics play a key role in IPDI-based PUD film formation, enabling tailored nanocomposites.
