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Related Concept Videos

Abdominal Aorta01:25

Abdominal Aorta

468
Once the aorta traverses the diaphragmatic plane at the aortic hiatus, it is known as the abdominal aorta. This anatomical structure is positioned leftward of the spinal column, encased within a cocoon of adipose tissue behind the peritoneal cavity. It terminates at the L4 vertebra, where it splits into the common iliac arteries. Prior to this bifurcation, the abdominal aorta gives rise to several vital branches.
The celiac trunk, a singular artery, divides into the left gastric artery, which...
468
The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

466
The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
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Blood Supply to the Digestive System01:16

Blood Supply to the Digestive System

470
Splanchnic circulation refers to the network of blood vessels that supply and drain blood from the abdominal organs involved in digestion, including the stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, and spleen. This circulation delivers essential nutrients and oxygen while removing waste products from these organs.
Blood Supply to the Digestive System: The splanchnic circulation involves three main arteries: the celiac artery (also known as the celiac trunk) and the superior and inferior mesenteric...
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Thoracic Aorta01:15

Thoracic Aorta

263
The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
263
Large Intestine01:09

Large Intestine

213
The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...
213
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2025

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
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Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

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The left colic artery: a comprehensive analysis.

Andrzej Wrona1,2, Jakub Gliwa1,3, Martyna Dziedzic1,3

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Mikołaja Kopernika 12, 33-332, Kraków, Poland.

Anatomical Science International
|April 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Variations in the left colic artery (LCA) anatomy are common. Understanding these variations, especially its origin from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), is crucial for safe colorectal surgery and preventing ischemia.

Keywords:
Anatomical variationsColorectal surgeryInferior mesenteric arteryLeft colic arteryLigation

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Surgical Anatomy
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • The left colic artery (LCA) exhibits significant anatomical variability.
  • Existing classifications aim to standardize descriptions of LCA anatomy.
  • Understanding LCA variations is vital for colorectal surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the anatomical and morphometric variations of the left colic artery (LCA).
  • To provide data that can enhance surgeons' anatomical knowledge for colorectal surgeries.
  • To identify common LCA variations and their origins from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 75 patients, with 67 LCAs included.
  • Assessment of LCA origin, branching patterns, and morphometrics.
  • Classification of LCA variations using the Yada/Wang system.

Main Results:

  • The majority of LCAs originated directly from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) (71.64%).
  • A significant portion originated via the colo-sigmoid trunk (26.87%).
  • Type I (Yada/Wang classification) was the most common variation (50.00%), with a median diameter of 2.12 mm and a median cross-sectional area of 3.38 mm² at its origin.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed analysis of LCA anatomical and morphometric variations.
  • Findings offer insights to improve safety and effectiveness in colorectal surgeries, especially IMA ligation.
  • Emphasizes preoperative imaging and anatomical knowledge to minimize iatrogenic injury and preserve bowel perfusion.