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Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

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Insula under the influence: Alcohol-induced changes in resting state functional connectivity.

Adriana K Cushnie¹, Nicholas J Bush^1,2,3, Landrew S Sevel¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Alcohol, Clinical & Experimental Research

|April 19, 2025

Summary

Acute alcohol consumption alters brain connectivity in the insular cortex (IC) for social drinkers. This study found widespread changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) but no moderation by sex or family history.

Keywords:

acute alcohol fMRI functional connectivity insular cortex

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Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Published on: August 28, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Brain Imaging
Alcohol Research

Background:

The insular cortex (IC) is crucial for various functions and is implicated in alcohol consumption.
Understanding acute alcohol's impact on IC functional connectivity (FC) is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate acute alcohol effects on the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the insular cortex (IC) in healthy social drinkers.
To examine how alcohol differentially affects the anterior (AIC) and posterior (PIC) IC subdivisions' rsFC.
To explore associations between alcohol-induced IC rsFC changes, subjective intoxication, and potential moderators like sex and family history of alcohol problems.

Main Methods:

107 healthy social drinkers (25-45 years) underwent fMRI scans after consuming placebo or alcohol (targeting 0.08% BAC).
Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) was analyzed using the CONN toolbox with IC regions of interest (ROIs) from the AICHA atlas.
Subjective intoxication was measured using a visual analog scale.

Main Results:

Alcohol intake significantly altered widespread rsFC of the IC, notably increasing connectivity with salience network regions.
Alcohol consumption attenuated the distinct rsFC differences between the anterior (AIC) and posterior (PIC) insular cortex.
Neither sex nor family history of alcohol problems significantly moderated the observed alcohol-induced changes in IC rsFC.

Conclusions:

Acute alcohol intake demonstrably alters the functional connectivity of the insular cortex and its network interactions.
Alcohol consumption tends to reduce connectivity distinctions between the AIC and PIC, aligning with broader evidence of alcohol-induced neural disorganization.
Further research is necessary to elucidate the neurobehavioral implications of these alcohol-induced alterations in IC functional connectivity.