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Liver involvement in multiple myeloma.

R Perez-Soler, R Esteban, E Allende

    American Journal of Hematology
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Multiple myeloma can affect the liver through plasma cell infiltration, amyloidosis, or toxic hepatitis. However, liver involvement in multiple myeloma patients did not significantly impact prognosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Hepatology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy characterized by malignant plasma cell proliferation.
    • Liver involvement is a potential complication of multiple myeloma, but its incidence and clinical manifestations require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence and clinical manifestations of liver involvement in patients with multiple myeloma.
    • To determine the prognostic significance of liver infiltration by plasma cells in multiple myeloma.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 128 patient records with multiple myeloma.
    • Histologic examination of liver tissue in a subset of patients (n=21).

    Main Results:

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  • Liver involvement was observed in various forms, including plasma cell infiltration (n=10), myeloid metaplasia (n=4), amyloidosis (n=2), and toxic hepatitis (n=2).
  • Clinical signs of plasma cell infiltration included hepatomegaly (n=7), elevated liver enzymes (n=5), and portal hypertension (n=2).
  • Jaundice was primarily associated with hepatitis or extrahepatic cholestasis.

    • Conclusions:

    • Liver infiltration by plasma cells is a recognized manifestation of multiple myeloma.
    • Clinical presentation of liver involvement is diverse and may include hepatomegaly and abnormal liver enzymes.
    • Liver infiltration by plasma cells does not appear to significantly affect the overall prognosis of multiple myeloma.