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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Prolonged grief disorder.

Clare Killikelly1, Kirsten V Smith2, Ningning Zhou3

  • 1Division of Clinical Intervention and Global Mental Health, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.

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Prolonged grief disorder is a diagnosable mental health condition characterized by intense yearning and preoccupation following a loss. Early intervention and psychotherapy are crucial for managing this disorder and its associated negative health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a recently recognized mental health condition.
  • It is characterized by persistent yearning, preoccupation, emotional pain, and functional impairment after a loss.
  • Growing research supports its conceptualization as a distinct diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and present evidence supporting the current conceptualization of prolonged grief disorder.
  • To highlight the core symptoms, onset, and associated negative outcomes of PGD.
  • To emphasize the importance of awareness and intervention for PGD.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published research evidence.
  • Analysis of studies supporting the diagnostic criteria and conceptualization of PGD.
  • Synthesis of findings on PGD's etiology, maintenance, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • PGD is a coherent syndrome with core symptoms of yearning and preoccupation, typically emerging 6-12 months post-loss.
  • Associated outcomes include emotional pain, identity disturbances, functional impairment, negative health effects, suicidality, and increased service use.
  • Psychotherapy is the primary treatment, with ongoing refinement of theoretical models.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged grief disorder is a valid and much-needed diagnosis supported by rigorous research.
  • Early recognition by healthcare practitioners is essential for timely and effective intervention.
  • Continued research is refining our understanding of PGD's causes, maintenance, and treatment effectiveness.