Gender differences in patient-reported outcomes and cardiac symptoms in patients with acute coronary syndrome in
Sultan Alosaimi1, Abdullah Alqarni1, Turki Alkalifah1
1From the College of Medicine (Alosaimi, Alqarni, Alkalifah, Aldaijy, Alghamdi, Altalhah), King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University; From the Deanship of Research Chairs Program (Kazi), King Saud University; from the Department of Family & Community Medicine (Kazi), College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City; Department of Cardiac Sciences (Alharbi), College of Medicine, King Fahad Cardiac Center, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Objectives:
To measure the gender differences in patient-reported outcomes and cardiac symptoms in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 randomly selected ACS patients aged ≥18 years. Data were collected using validated questionnaires, including Patient-reported outcomes measures, the Rose Dyspnea Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Seattle Angina Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with quality of life (QoL).
Results:
The study included 60% males and 40% females. Females reported significantly lower global physical health scores (11.62 [±2.49] versus (vs) 13.68 [±2.68], p=0.00), higher dyspnea symptoms (2.61 [±1.41] vs 1.55 [±1.51], p=0.00), and more physical limitation (43.2 [±31.8] vs 55.19 [±33.96], p=0.02). Multiple linear regression analysis showed female gender was associated with a decline in physical health (-0.33 [-2.42, -1.00]), increased dyspnea symptoms (0.30 [0.55, 1.37]), higher depression scores (0.14 [0.004, 0.87]), a decline in SAQ physical activity [-0.19 (-23.68, -2.60)] and summary scores [-0.14 (-11.34, -.04)]. Older age and lower income were also significantly associated with poorer QoL outcomes.
Conclusion:
Female gender, advanced age, and lower income were associated with worse patient-reported outcomes in ACS patients. Healthcare providers should consider these disparities to improve management strategies and QoL in this population.
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