Management of Mirizzi Syndrome Type I: A Case Report

Mirizzi syndrome is a rare yet clinically significant condition characterized by mechanical obstruction of the common bile duct (CBD) and the hepatic duct. This obstruction arises from external compression caused by one or more impacted gallstones, most often lodged in Hartmann's pouch, a segment of the gallbladder located near the cystic duct. The prolonged presence of these gallstones can lead to localized inflammation, fibrosis, and scarring, further exacerbating the narrowing of the bile ducts. This condition often presents with symptoms resembling other biliary disorders, making its diagnosis challenging. This report presents a rare case of Mirizzi syndrome Type I in a 64-year-old male patient. The patient was admitted with complaints of right upper quadrant pain for the past two days, radiating to the back, epigastric region, and left hypochondrium. A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), confirmed the diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome Type I. The patient underwent ERCP with precut sphincterotomy, biliary plastic stent placement, and cholecystectomy.