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Related Concept Videos

Ecological Disturbance02:26

Ecological Disturbance

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An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
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Competition02:34

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When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, increases each time energy is transferred or transformed. Each energy transfer results in a certain amount of energy that is lost—usually in the form of heat—that increases the disorder of the surroundings. This can also be demonstrated in a classic food web. Herbivores harvest chemical energy from plants and release heat and carbon dioxide into the environment. Carnivores harvest the...
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Energy Budgets00:51

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Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
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Ecological Succession02:17

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Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
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Speciation Rates01:07

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2025

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
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Linking energetic instability to compositional changes in biological communities.

Taku Kadoya1, Kenta Suzuki2,3, Akira Terui4

  • 1Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ecological community resilience measures improve biodiversity change predictions. Instability metrics derived from current community states effectively forecast species turnover and energy shifts in both simulated and natural ecosystems.

Keywords:
compositional stabilityecological forecastenergy landscape analysisspecies turnover

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Biodiversity Science
  • Theoretical Ecology

Background:

  • Ecological resilience is crucial for understanding responses to environmental disturbances.
  • Predicting biodiversity change at broad scales using resilience remains challenging.
  • Current community composition stability is rarely linked to future biodiversity dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if resilience measures improve biodiversity change prediction.
  • To apply energy landscape analysis (ELA) to assess ecosystem resilience.
  • To link community instability metrics to biodiversity dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Applied energy landscape analysis (ELA) to simulated and natural community compositions.
  • Estimated resilience and derived instability metrics (local and global).
  • Analyzed distinct taxa (birds, fishes, mollusks, phytoplankton) and regions.

Main Results:

  • Local instability metrics significantly predicted species turnover and energy changes.
  • Global instability metrics also indicated changes, though less strongly.
  • Resilience measures enhanced the predictability of biodiversity change across diverse systems.

Conclusions:

  • Quantifying ecological resilience is vital for predicting biodiversity change.
  • Instability metrics derived from current community states are powerful predictors.
  • ELA provides a framework for understanding ecosystem dynamics and forecasting biodiversity.