Enzyme-mediated hydrogelation for biomedical applications: A review.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Biochemistry
• Polymer Chemistry

Background:

• Hydrogels are crucial for biomedical applications due to their flexibility and biocompatibility.
• Current preparation methods often compromise mechanical properties or biocompatibility.
• Enzymatic methods provide mild conditions and avoid toxic substances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review enzyme-mediated hydrogel preparation systems.
• To explore their applications in the biomedical field.
• To correlate preparation mechanisms with application domains.

Main Methods:

• Categorization of enzyme-mediated hydrogel preparation into four mechanisms: enzyme cross-linking, enzyme polymerization, enzyme-mediated self-assembly, and enzyme-induced pH changes.
• Analysis of mechanical properties and biocompatibility associated with each mechanism.
• Discussion of biomedical applications based on hydrogel properties.

Main Results:

• Enzyme cross-linking and polymerization retain mechanical strength and biocompatibility.
• Enzyme-mediated self-assembly and pH changes offer rapid responsiveness and high biocompatibility.
• Active immobilized enzymes in hydrogels broaden application potential.

Conclusions:

• Enzymatic hydrogelation presents a versatile platform for advanced biomedical applications.
• The choice of enzyme-mediated mechanism dictates hydrogel properties and suitability for specific applications.
• Ongoing research into active enzymatic hydrogels promises novel therapeutic and diagnostic tools.