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Cephalhaematoma in Sweden, a Population-Based Register Study
Ulf Högberg1,2, Vineta Fellman3,4, Waney Squier5
1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|April 22, 2025
Summary
Cephalhaematoma (CH) affects 2.2 per 1000 births, with delayed diagnoses becoming more frequent. While most cases are mild, CH is linked to serious head trauma and intracranial hemorrhage.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neonatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cephalhaematoma (CH) is a common birth-related injury.
- Understanding its incidence and associated factors is crucial for neonatal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence, birth characteristics, and diagnostic timing of cephalhaematoma (CH).
- To explore associations between CH and neonatal/infancy complications.
Main Methods:
- Nationwide population-based register study in Sweden (1997-2018).
- Inclusion of infants (<12 months) with a diagnosis of birth-related CH.
- Data retrieved from Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare registers.
Main Results:
- Incidence of CH was 2.2 per 1000 births, with an increasing trend.
- Risk factors included ventouse delivery, preterm birth, large-for-gestational age, and occiput posterior presentation.
- CH was associated with jaundice (10%), hypoxic encephalopathy (2.5%), convulsions (3.5%), and intracranial hemorrhages.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of CH cases experienced delayed diagnosis.
- While most CH cases are not severe, some are linked to serious head trauma.
- CH is associated with an increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage.
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