Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2025

Rapid Molecular Detection and Differentiation of Influenza Viruses A and B
Published on: January 30, 2017
A Case of AIDS Diagnosed in the Intensive Care Unit with Concurrent Influenza Infection and Pneumocystis jirovecii
Yeliz Özdemir1, İlhan Bahar2, Gülfem Ece3
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye.
Abstract:
Introduction: People living with HIV (PLWH) are highly susceptible to respiratory infections, particularly pneumonia, which is often polymicrobial. A rapid decline in CD4 T lymphocytes, especially with concurrent influenza, increases the risk of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). Case Presentation: This report discusses a newly diagnosed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patient with influenza and PCP coinfection, highlighting diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis. Conclusions: Community-acquired pneumonia is common in PLWH, especially among those not receiving antiretroviral therapies (ART). Co-infections with bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens are common. Early identification of etiological agents and prompt treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
Pneumonia IV: Management
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:

