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A bibliometric and visual analysis based on immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma: 2014 - 2024
Gao-Min Liu1,2, Rui Guo2, Ji-Wei Xu1,2
1Meizhou Clinical Medical College of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China.
Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially those with unresectable advanced stages. The field has progressed rapidly, and the research hotspots have significantly changed compared to previous years. The study aims to comprehensively review and analyze the development history, knowledge structure, current research focus, and emerging trends in ICIs for HCC.
Materials And Methods:
Reviews and articles published in English from The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database from 2014 to 2024 were systemically retrieved. Citespace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix R package were used for further bibliometric analysis and visualization for countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords.
Results:
2,941 records were included for analysis. The literature on ICIs for HCC has continued to grow steadily over the past decade. Three major research centers have emerged: North America, Europe, and East Asia. The Chinese institution has the highest publication volume, but Kudo Masatoshi from Japan has the highest number of publications. At the same time, Richard S. Finn from the United States leads in citations and co-citations. The most prolific journal is "Cancers". The clustering and Timeline view of critical literature and keywords indicated that research on ICIs for HCC is rapidly advancing toward a more evidence-based, personalized, and multimodal approach. Immune evasion mechanisms, predictive biomarkers, and high-quality clinical trials focusing on Novel combination, conversion, and perioperative therapies, including ICIs, are emerging hotspots.
Conclusion:
This study highlights the groundbreaking advancements of ICIs in treating HCC and shows a trend rapidly advancing towards a more evidence-based, personalized, and multimodal approach. The study updated the current understanding of ICIs in hepatocellular carcinoma and identified vital future directions for research, such as the exploration of mechanisms of immune evasion, developing predictive biomarkers, and combining therapy strategies.
Insights
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are revolutionizing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Research is rapidly advancing towards personalized, multimodal therapies, focusing on immune evasion, biomarkers, and novel combinations.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
- Bibliometrics
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, particularly for advanced stages.
- The research landscape for ICIs in HCC is evolving rapidly, with shifting focus areas.
- Understanding these shifts is crucial for future therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the historical development and knowledge structure of research on ICIs for HCC.
- To identify current research hotspots and emerging trends in this field.
- To provide a bibliometric overview of global research contributions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic retrieval of 2,941 English articles from 2014-2024 in the Web of Science Core Collection.
- Bibliometric analysis and visualization using Citespace, VOSviewer, and R package.
- Analysis of publication trends, key institutions, authors, and influential references.
Main Results:
- Steady growth in literature on ICIs for HCC over the past decade.
- Major research hubs identified in North America, Europe, and East Asia.
- Emerging trends include personalized medicine, multimodal approaches, immune evasion mechanisms, predictive biomarkers, and novel combination/perioperative therapies.
Conclusions:
- ICIs represent a significant advancement in HCC treatment, driving a shift towards evidence-based, personalized, and multimodal strategies.
- This study updates the understanding of ICIs in HCC and highlights key future research directions.
- Future research should focus on immune evasion, biomarkers, and combination therapies.
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