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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Social Computing
  • Digital Ethics

Background:

  • Online platforms face challenges with toxic speech.
  • Value-sensitive design (VSD) offers a framework for ethical technology development.
  • Previous research highlights the need for practical methods to integrate values into design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose remedies for toxic online speech using VSD principles.
  • To examine the historical case of America Online Instant Messenger (AIM) as a model for introducing friction into online conversations.
  • To introduce novel, generalizable methods for integrating ethical values into technology design.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the AIM "warn" feature as a case study in VSD.
  • Development of a "method of decomposition" to identify intervention points in user journeys.
  • Creation of an iterative "Innovation-Abuse-Innovation" branching diagram to anticipate and respond to platform abuse.

Main Results:

  • The AIM "warn" feature demonstrates how friction can disincentivize harmful speech.
  • The proposed methods offer systematic approaches to operationalize ethical values in design.
  • The "method of decomposition" and "Innovation-Abuse-Innovation" diagram are flexible and generalizable.

Conclusions:

  • Adding friction to online platforms can be an effective strategy against toxic speech.
  • The proposed VSD-inspired methods can guide designers in creating more ethical and user-friendly online environments.
  • These methods have potential applications for contemporary social media and communication platforms.