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Flexible 2D Structure Formation of [C1C1Im][Tf2N] on Ag(111).

Afra Gezmis1, Timo Talwar1, Manuel Meusel1

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|April 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquid ([C1C1Im][Tf2N]) on silver (Ag(111)) exhibits unique stripe and hexagonal phases. Weakest adsorbate/substrate interactions on Ag(111) explain its distinct polymorphism compared to other metals.

Keywords:
Ag(111)ionic liquidsscanning probe techniquessolid catalyst with ionic liquid layerwetting layer

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are tunable solvents with unique properties.
  • Understanding IL behavior on metal surfaces is crucial for catalysis and electrochemistry.
  • The first layer of ILs on metal substrates dictates subsequent layer formation and surface properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adsorption and self-assembly of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([C1C1Im][Tf2N]) on Ag(111).
  • To compare the observed phases and interactions with those on Au(111), Cu(111), and Pt(111).
  • To elucidate the factors governing the polymorphism of ILs on different metal surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) studies.
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Main Results:

  • Two stable phases, stripe and hexagonal, were observed for [C1C1Im][Tf2N] on Ag(111).
  • Hexagonal phases on Ag(111), Au(111), and Pt(111) showed similar structures (0.77–0.85 nm²/IP).
  • Striped phases on Ag(111) exhibited significant structural variation (0.50–1.14 nm²/IP), unlike on Au(111) and Cu(111).
  • Weakest adsorbate/substrate interaction on Ag(111) attributed to moderate van der Waals forces and absence of covalent interactions.

Conclusions:

  • [C1C1Im][Tf2N] on Ag(111) displays pronounced polymorphism, indicating a special case among studied metal substrates.
  • The observed differences are linked to the interplay between lateral IL interactions and vertical substrate interactions.
  • Ag(111) presents the weakest adsorbate/substrate interaction due to its electronic properties.