A Novel, Multifunctional Resistant Starch-Phenol Complex with Potential for Better Glycemic Control

Area of Science:

• Food Science
• Nutritional Biochemistry
• Molecular Gastronomy

Background:

• Resistant starch (RS) and starch-phenol complexes offer potential for managing diet-related diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D).
• Investigating novel functional RS is crucial for developing effective dietary strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prepare and characterize a novel amylose-10-gingerol (AM-10G) complex.
• To evaluate the potential of the AM-10G complex for glycemic control.

Main Methods:

• Complex formation between amylose (AM) and 10-gingerol (10G).
• Assessing amylolysis rates and α-amylase inhibition of the AM-10G complex.
• Evaluating 10-gingerol's effect on glucose transport in Caco-2 cells and gene expression (GLUT2, SGLT1).
• Analyzing gut microbiota changes via in vitro fecal fermentation.

Main Results:

• The AM-10G complex exhibited significantly slower amylolysis compared to an AM-lauric acid complex.
• α-amylase activity was substantially inhibited by the AM-10G complex during digestion.
• 10-gingerol reduced glucose transport by 60% and downregulated GLUT2 and SGLT1 mRNA expression.
• AM-10G complex fermentation promoted beneficial gut bacteria (Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_004).

Conclusions:

• The AM-10G complex demonstrates potential for glycemic control.
• Inhibitory effects on amylolysis and glucose transporters contribute to its efficacy.
• Modulation of gut microbiota plays a role in its beneficial glycemic effects.