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Published on: August 19, 2016
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Innate immune cells in acute and chronic kidney disease
Xiao-Ming Meng1, Li Wang2, David J Nikolic-Paterson3
1Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Nature Reviews. Nephrology
|April 22, 2025
Summary
Innate immune cells play a dual role in kidney disease, contributing to both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, but also promoting kidney repair. Understanding these multifaceted roles is key for developing new therapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Nephrology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected disorders.
- Innate immune cells, including granulocytes and macrophages, can initiate AKI via inflammatory mediators and extracellular traps.
- These immune cells also contribute to CKD progression through pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways, influencing adaptive immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the dual role of innate immune cells in kidney injury and repair.
- To understand the mechanisms by which innate immune cells influence AKI and CKD progression.
- To identify therapeutic targets for limiting AKI and the transition to CKD.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on innate immunity in kidney disease.
- Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in kidney injury and repair.
- Investigation of interactions between innate immune cells and the renal microenvironment.
Main Results:
- Innate immune cells can both induce AKI and promote kidney repair.
- Macrophages and dendritic cells drive CKD progression via inflammation and fibrosis.
- Innate immune cell function is modulated by interactions with complement, coagulation, adaptive immunity, and renal cells.
Conclusions:
- Innate immune cells exhibit a complex, context-dependent role in kidney pathophysiology.
- Targeting innate immune responses may offer novel therapeutic strategies for AKI and CKD.
- Further research into the factors governing innate immune cell behavior in the kidney is crucial.
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