Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2025

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
Published on: February 11, 2017
BASNEF behavioral transformation: effect of empowerment program on children's knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and
Zohour Ibrahim Rashwan1,2, Hamida Ahmed Mostafa Darweesh3,4, Fatma Ahmed Elsobky5,6
1Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Background:
Nail-biting or onychophagia is a common phenomenon affecting children. Excessive nail biting is associated with several adverse consequences beyond mere appearance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an empowerment program based on the BASNEF model on children's knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and nail-biting practice.
Method:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the pediatric wards of Menoufia University Hospital and Benha University Hospital. A convenience sample of 135 children (6 to 18 years) was randomly assigned to the study or control group who received routine care. To effectively measure the dependent variables, four questionnaires were developed and tested for content validity, stability reliability and internal consistency. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) identified the underlying factors while the findings of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) demonstrated a satisfactory fit. The researcher developed the session objectives, learning activities and designed a booklet with relevant content. The participants of the study group were divided into sub-groups (six children and their mothers) who attended four empowerment sessions based on the BASNEF model, emphasizing (a) age-appropriate information, (b) fostering a positive attitude towards quitting nail-biting, (c) discovering the subjective norms, perceived social expectations, and influences of nail-biting behaviors, and (d) equipping children with enabling factors to quit. The comparison between the two groups was done using the Mann-Whitney (U) test, while the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test conducted for the intragroup comparison.
Results:
There was a significant improvement in knowledge about nail-biting among children in both groups and a noticeable decline in the nail-biting habits/practices among children in the study group (22.42 ± 5.69) compared to the control group (42.76 ± 6.75). The attitude scores towards nail-biting significantly improved among children in the study group compared to the control group with appositive impact on children's self-efficacy in controlling the habit (P < 0.001 for each).
Conclusion:
The empowerment program based on the BASNEF model effectively improved children's knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice of nail biting.
Trial Registration Number:
Trial registration number: NCT06471153, ClinicalTrails.gov, Retrospectively registered June 18th, 2024), URL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06471153 .
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Behavior Modification
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Modeling in Therapy
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Operant Conditioning Intervention
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Reinforcement
Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, increasing the frequency of that behavior. For example:
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Steps in the Modeling Process
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...

