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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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Vanadium-Stabilized MoB Nanoparticles Enable Hydrogen Evolution at Industry-Relevant High Current Densities.

Sang Bum Kim1, Johan A Yapo2, Akira Yasuhara3

  • 1Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vanadium-stabilized molybdenum monoboride nanoparticles offer a cost-effective, high-performance alternative to platinum catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). These catalysts demonstrate superior activity and stability under demanding industrial conditions.

Keywords:
boride compositesher electrocatalystshigh current densitysolid solutiontransition metal boride (TMB) nanoparticlesvanadium substitution

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Molybdenum borides are cost-effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
  • Direct comparison of molybdenum borides and platinum catalysts is challenging due to differing preparation methods.
  • High current densities are crucial for industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate vanadium-stabilized molybdenum monoboride (V0.3Mo0.7B) nanoparticles as HER electrocatalysts.
  • To compare the performance of V0.3Mo0.7B with platinum/carbon (Pt/C) under identical experimental conditions.
  • To elucidate the catalytic mechanism using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of vanadium-stabilized molybdenum monoboride (V0.3Mo0.7B) nanoparticles.
  • Electrochemical testing of V0.3Mo0.7B and Pt/C at high current densities.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to determine Gibbs free energy for HER.
  • Long-term stability testing at 1000 mA cm⁻².

Main Results:

  • V0.3Mo0.7B nanoparticles outperformed Pt/C at industrially relevant current densities (1000 mA cm⁻²).
  • V0.3Mo0.7B achieved 1000 mA cm⁻² with an overpotential of 0.452 V, compared to 0.837 V for Pt/C.
  • DFT calculations revealed improved Gibbs free energy for HER on V0.3Mo0.7B at high hydrogen coverages.
  • The V0.3Mo0.7B electrode maintained 97% of its performance after ≈28 hours of operation at 1000 mA cm⁻².

Conclusions:

  • Vanadium-stabilized molybdenum monoboride is a highly active and stable electrocatalyst for HER.
  • This material shows significant promise for sustainable hydrogen production, especially under demanding industrial conditions.
  • The improved performance is attributed to favorable energetics for hydrogen adsorption at high surface coverages.