Association Between Occupational Stress and Mental Health in Healthcare Workers During the Coronavirus Pandemic in

Keiko Wataya1,2, Hirokazu Tachikawa3, Kiyotaka Nemoto4

  • 1Department of Nursing, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, JPN.

Cureus
|April 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Healthcare workers experienced significant job stressors during COVID-19, impacting mental health. Addressing interpersonal conflicts and workload is crucial for supporting healthcare professionals

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread mental health decline among healthcare workers.
  • Limited research explored the link between occupational stress and mental health in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • This study identified specific job stressors contributing to mental health issues in healthcare professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify job stressors associated with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To analyze the impact of occupational stress on the mental well-being of frontline healthcare professionals.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for supporting healthcare worker mental health during infectious disease outbreaks.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study conducted from May 2020 to January 2021.
  • Involved 204 healthcare workers at a COVID-19-treating hospital.
  • Utilized validated questionnaires: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ).

Main Results:

  • Job stressors varied across mental health outcomes: interpersonal conflicts and job fitness linked to depression.
  • Job overload and interpersonal conflicts correlated with anxiety symptoms.
  • Job overload and low job control were significantly associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Mental health support strategies for healthcare workers during epidemics must be individualized based on stress responses.
  • Mitigating interpersonal conflicts and reducing job overload are key to supporting healthcare worker mental health.
  • Workplace interventions should focus on improving interpersonal relationships and managing workloads to enhance psychological well-being.

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