A Study on the Quality of Patient-Centred Endometriosis Mobile Applications: Analysis and Future Prospects

Introduction: Female technology or 'femtech' is the availability of mobile applications (apps) to monitor specific aspects of women's health. It touts the benefits of technology to empower women with regards to their health, while also allowing close collaboration between patients and physicians. Endometriosis-specific apps is a channel by which female patients discover their endometriosis diagnosis. However, there is currently a paucity of high-quality and evidence-based endometriosis apps. This study assessed the current state and overall quality of such apps. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study assessed patient-centred endometriosis apps on the Apple iTunes Store, in January 2023, excluding certain categories such as conference guidance, gaming, private healthcare, and clinical trial apps. The key term "endometriosis" was used. All patient-centred apps were included. The apps were assessed using the APPLICATIONS scoring system, considering objective factors like pricing, subscriptions, literature references, in-app purchases, connectivity, advertisements, search fields, interoperability, and subjective elements such as navigation ease and presentation. The maximum score is 16 and all applications were assessed in English. Results: Out of the initial 22 apps, 12 (54.5%) were excluded, leaving 10 (45.5%) for analysis. Most apps lacked comprehensiveness, but two apps (LUNA-endometriosis and Frendo) stood out with high scores. These apps incorporated certified scoring systems, provided recommendations for tests and follow-up visits, and offered evidence-based literature on endometriosis. The remaining apps scored poorly, focusing on alternative treatments, healthy diets, or functioning solely as symptom diaries, with limited information on diagnosis and management. Only a few apps allowed booking follow-up visits, and most lacked the capability to export patient-specific data. Few apps measured the likelihood of endometriosis whilst others relied on previous diagnoses. The majority of apps were free, whilst in-app purchases centred around alternative treatments. Overall, the apps were user-friendly, featuring vibrant colours and intuitive interfaces. Conclusions: Only two patient-centred endometriosis apps scored highly in the APPLICATIONS scoring system as they were high-quality, evidence-based and incorporated valid medical recommendations. Other applications scored low as their recommendations lacked quality scientific evidence.