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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics
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Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics

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Imaging antigen processing and presentation in cancer.

Doreen Lau1,2, Tim Elliott3

  • 1Centre for Inflammation Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.

Immunotherapy Advances
|April 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Imaging advances our understanding of antigen processing and presentation in cancer, crucial for adaptive immunity. These technologies aid in monitoring immunotherapy and predicting patient outcomes.

Keywords:
antigen presentationantigen processingbiomarkersimaging technologiesimmunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biomedical Imaging

Background:

  • Antigen processing and presentation are fundamental to adaptive immunity and T cell function.
  • Dysregulation of these processes significantly impacts cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
  • Imaging technologies offer novel perspectives into these complex immunological events in cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of imaging in studying antigen processing and presentation in cancer.
  • To highlight considerations for developing imaging tools and biomarkers for these pathways.
  • To examine the potential of various imaging approaches for clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focused on imaging technologies and their application to antigen processing and presentation.
  • Analysis of key immunological events including peptide loading, T cell recruitment, and synapse formation.
  • Evaluation of imaging tool development, biomarker identification, and clinical translation potential.

Main Results:

  • Imaging provides critical insights into the cellular and molecular interactions of antigen processing and presentation.
  • Specific imaging tools and biomarkers are being developed to detect components of these pathways.
  • Various imaging approaches demonstrate strengths and limitations for clinical application.

Conclusions:

  • Imaging is a powerful tool for elucidating antigen processing and presentation mechanisms in cancer.
  • Insights from imaging can improve immunotherapy response monitoring and treatment selection.
  • Further development and validation of imaging techniques are essential for clinical translation and improved patient outcomes.