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Development, Validation, and Feasibility of Yoga Intervention Module for Optimizing Safe Use of Screen Time: A Pilot
Context:
Frequent screen use in adolescents is linked to adverse health effects. Yoga practice fosters self-regulation, which can help limit screen time and promote healthy behaviors. This study developed and validated a first-of-its-kind yoga module to minimize excessive screen time among adolescents.
Objective:
This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and potential efficacy of yoga intervention in promoting healthy screen time regulation and reducing related symptoms like depression, anxiety, eye strain, and physical health issues.
Design And Setting:
A yoga module was designed using the Integrative Approach to Yoga Therapy, incorporating holistic yogic principles. The study was conducted at the Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA) University, Bengaluru, India.
Participants:
The module was developed and validated by 26 yoga professors from various yoga schools in India. The pilot study included 26 female adolescents (ages 16-17 years) from Bengaluru, South India.
Intervention:
The intervention group underwent a four-week, expert-approved integrated yoga program comprising 12 sessions of 45-minute yoga techniques. The control group received digital hygiene education.
Outcome Measures:
Content validity was assessed using Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR), and standard questionnaires were used to measure screen time, anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), well-being (WHO-5, KIDSCREEN-10), and smartphone addiction (SAS-SV).
Results:
Six practices were removed due to low CVR scores, and 21 out of 27 validated practices were retained in the final module (CVI = 0.72). After 12 yoga sessions, participants showed a significant decline in screen time and associated complications.
Conclusion:
The study suggests that yoga reduces anxiety and depression, enhances physical and psychological well-being, and improves self-regulation, leading to a decline in excessive screen time behaviors.
