Improving Communication: A Narrative Synthesis of Interventions for HIV Disclosure to Pediatric Populations

HIV remains a significant global public health concern, affecting millions worldwide, including children. Disclosure of HIV status to infected children holds several benefits, yet rates of disclosure remain low, posing challenges globally. Whereas existing interventions and strategies offering insights into the process of HIV disclosure to pediatric populations are sparse, there is a gap in synthesizing these approaches comprehensively to shed light on effective practices and areas requiring further research and development. This study aims to address this gap by providing a narrative overview of interventions and strategies utilized to empower parents, caregivers, and healthcare providers in the process of disclosing HIV status to children living with HIV.

Our review of 26 publications identified various pediatric HIV disclosure interventions and strategies, including provider-informed frameworks, process-oriented models, and multidisciplinary approaches. Common themes that emerged include developmental appropriateness, gradual disclosure, education through visual aids, training and capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and post-disclosure monitoring and support. Overall, the majority of the interventions and strategies showed positive outcomes in improving disclosure rates and supporting children's well-being. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers, informing strategies to improve communication and support for children living with HIV and their families. By emphasizing the importance of age-appropriate and culturally sensitive disclosure methods, we can strive to enhance the well-being and quality of life for children living with HIV.