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Influence of Dementia on Vision-Related Functional Performance Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
Li-Ting Tsai1, Chung-Sen Chen2, Chia-Wei Hung3
1Li-Ting Tsai, PhD, is Assistant Professor and Occupational Therapist, School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, and Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications may increase dementia risk. Patients with T2DM and dementia experience significant declines in functional vision, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology and Neurology
- Geriatric Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of vision loss.
- Dementia is increasingly recognized as a significant public health concern.
- The interplay between T2DM complications, vision impairment, and cognitive decline is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between diabetes-related eye conditions and dementia in T2DM patients.
- To assess the impact of dementia on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) and activities of daily living (ADLs) in T2DM patients.
- To explore the relationship between diabetic retinopathy severity and visual acuity (VA).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort and nested case-control study design.
- Inclusion of 4,454 T2DM patients in Substudy 1.
- Comparison of 33 T2DM patients with dementia against 67 matched controls in Substudy 2.
- Assessment using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25) and Revised Self-Report Assessment of Functional Visual Performance (R-SRAFVP).
Main Results:
- A borderline significant association was found between proliferative diabetic retinopathy and dementia.
- Patients with T2DM and dementia showed significant declines in functional vision across multiple R-SRAFVP and NEI-VFQ 25 subscales.
- No significant differences in visual acuity (VA) were observed between groups.
Conclusions:
- Dementia significantly impacts functional vision and vision-related quality of life in patients with T2DM.
- The findings highlight complex interrelationships between T2DM, dementia, and vision.
- Occupational therapists should prioritize functional vision assessments for T2DM patients with dementia to guide interventions.
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