[Interleukins involved in bone degeneration from periodontal disease: Systematic review]

An imbalance between the plaque biofilm and the host's immune system results in the overexpression of several proinflammatory interleukins, the spread of inflammation through the gums leading to the destruction of connective tissue and the subsequent destruction of the gingival tissue. Periodontal diseases are among the most common diseases, since they affect up to 50% of the world population. Often, the lower socioeconomic groups are the most affected, as well as the elderly. Interleukins play a fundamental role in the immune response and they are secreted by various cells, such as macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, etcetera. Due to the above, the objective was to carry out a systematic review of articles that relate interleukins and bone degeneration in periodontal disease, and this review was carried out in 4 databases: Scopus, PubMed, SciELO and Springerlink, using the keywords: Proflammatory interleukin and Periodontal disease, applying the following search strategy: IT ((interleukin) AND (periodontal disease or periodontitis) AND (bone)). The search gave a result of 12 scientific articles that corresponded to the topic, and obtained a good evaluation regarding the bias and quality of the article. We concluded that periodontal disease is complex and interleukins have been shown to establish a multidirectional link for the development of this disease.