Nanoemulgel Development of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth-Derived Conditioned Medium as a Novel...

OBJECTIVE:  We aimed to develop a nanoemulgel of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth-derived conditioned medium (SHED-CM) for oral wound biotherapy candidate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Deciduous tooth pulp was collected from two patients aged 6 years. The mesenchymal stem cell marker expression was analyzed by immunocytochemistry of CD45, CD90, and CD105. Alizarin red staining was performed to differentiate SHEDs from osteoblasts. The quantitative and quantification of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted into conditioned media were measured using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The characteristics of the nanoemulgel of SHED-CM (NESCM) were analyzed in terms of organoleptic properties, pH, and homogeneity. The cytotoxicity of NESCM 1.5% was analyzed in human gingival fibroblast (hGF) cell and osteoblast cell line (MC3T3) by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:  The results were presented as mean ± standard deviation (X ± SD), and the differences between groups were analyzed using the post hoc Tukey's test at a significance level of p-value < 0.05.

RESULTS:  SHEDs were successfully isolated, which were characterized for positive marker expressions of CD90 and CD105 and negative expression of CD45 as well as their osteogenic commitment. In SHED-CM, TGF-β and VEGF were detected on day 1 of conditioning and afterward. Notably, the growth factor enriched as the duration of conditioning increased. The generated nanoemulgel with SHED-CM was stable and homogeneous, and had limited cytotoxic effects on hGF and MC3T3 cell culture.

CONCLUSION:  SHED-CM containing the growth factors can potentially be used as oral wound biotherapy in the form of nanoemulgel.