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Multi-Dimensional Assessment and Analysis of Thermal Damage in Skin Tissue by Femtosecond Laser Welding
Jun Huang1, Mengshi Jia1, Jincheng Li1
1School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
Abstract:
In this study, four thermal damage assessment methods were used to investigate the thermal damage caused by femtosecond lasers on skin tissues. Collagen volume and texture characteristic parameters of the skin microstructure were calculated and analyzed by Masson staining of skin samples and grayscale covariance matrix. The skin thermal damage parameters and the degree of skin protein denaturation were analyzed by the Arrhenius equation and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that as the laser power increases or the scanning speed decreases, the collagen volume of skin tissue decreases, the angular second-order moments and correlations increase, the entropy value and contrast decrease, the parameters of thermal damage of skin tissue increase, the intensity of the characteristic peak spectral bands of the Raman spectrum of skin tissue in regions 1 and 4 decreases, and the degree of protein denaturation increases, which indicates that the degree of thermal damage of skin tissue increases.
Insights
Femtosecond laser use on skin tissue causes thermal damage. Increased laser power or decreased scanning speed intensifies this damage, affecting collagen and protein denaturation.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Optical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Femtosecond lasers offer precise tissue interaction.
- Understanding thermal damage is crucial for laser applications in dermatology and surgery.
- Quantifying laser-induced thermal effects on skin is essential for safety and efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate femtosecond laser-induced thermal damage in skin tissues.
- To analyze the impact of laser parameters on collagen structure and protein denaturation.
- To evaluate four distinct methods for assessing thermal damage.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Masson staining and grayscale covariance matrix for collagen analysis.
- Employed the Arrhenius equation and Raman spectroscopy to assess thermal damage parameters and protein denaturation.
- Investigated the effects of varying laser power and scanning speed.
Main Results:
- Increased laser power or decreased scanning speed led to reduced collagen volume.
- Texture analysis showed increased angular second-order moments and correlations, with decreased entropy and contrast.
- Thermal damage parameters and protein denaturation degree increased with higher laser power/slower scanning speeds.
Conclusions:
- Femtosecond laser parameters significantly influence thermal damage in skin.
- Collagen structure and protein denaturation are reliable indicators of thermal damage extent.
- The study provides quantitative insights into femtosecond laser-tissue interactions for optimized application.
