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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Long-distance coherent quantum communications in deployed telecom networks.

Mirko Pittaluga1, Yuen San Lo2, Adam Brzosko2

  • 1Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, UK. mirko.pittaluga@gmail.com.

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|April 24, 2025
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Summary

Researchers demonstrated quantum key distribution (QKD) over a 254 km telecom network using optical coherence. This breakthrough doubles practical QKD distances without cryogenic cooling, advancing quantum internet development.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Communication
  • Quantum Cryptography
  • Telecommunications

Background:

  • Optical coherence is vital for quantum networks and quantum key distribution (QKD).
  • Scalability of coherence-based quantum protocols is limited by specialized hardware requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement a coherence-based twin-field QKD protocol over a commercial telecom network.
  • To demonstrate a scalable approach for optical coherence distribution in a real-world setting.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 254-kilometre commercial telecom network between Frankfurt and Kehl.
  • Employed a scalable optical coherence distribution system with non-cryogenic single-photon detection and off-band phase stabilization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved encryption key distribution at 110 bits per second over 254 km.
  • Demonstrated repeater-like quantum communication in an operational network.
  • Implemented one of the largest measurement-device-independent QKD networks.

Conclusions:

  • The study aligns coherence-based quantum communication with existing telecommunication infrastructure.
  • Results pave the way for high-performance quantum networks, quantum repeaters, and distributed quantum computing.
  • Doubled the distance for practical QKD without cryogenic cooling.