Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode
Published on: August 5, 2015
Recent advances for core-shell gallium-based liquid metal particles: properties, fabrication, modification, and
Huihui Tian1,2, Jinyun Liu1,2, Wuxu Zhang1,2
1CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China. liujinyun@nimte.ac.cn.
Abstract:
Gallium-based liquid metal micro-nanoparticles (Ga-LMPs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their unique physicochemical properties, such as biocompatibility, fluidity and large specific surface area. However, the surface of gallium-based liquid metal is prone to oxidation, forming a solid insulating gallium oxide shell that limits its functionality and applications. Therefore, it has become a hot research topic to endow Ga-LMPs with new functionalities by surface modification. This review summarizes the surface properties, preparation methods, and surface modification mechanisms of Ga-LMPs, with a focus on the diverse functionalities gained through surface modification, such as enhanced particle stability, electrical conductivity, drug delivery, stimulus responsiveness, thermoelectric property and catalytic activity. The potential applications of these properties in fields such as sensing, energy storage, and catalysis are also discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Molecular and Ionic Solids
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Metallic Solids
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Theory of Metallic Conduction
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The semiconductor's...
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
Liquid–Solid Solutions

