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Systemic sclerosis with chronic megacolon complicated by bowel obstruction: a case report
Zhe-Jia Liu1, Jung-Chun Lin2, Yi-Chiao Cheng3
1School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
International Journal of Emergency Medicine
|April 24, 2025
Summary
Systemic sclerosis (SS) can lead to chronic megacolon, a severe gastrointestinal complication. Early detection and intervention, including potential surgery, are crucial for managing this condition and preventing fatal outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Rheumatology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Systemic sclerosis (SS) is a connective tissue disease causing fibrosis in skin and organs.
- Gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement is common in SS, impacting patient quality of life.
- Chronic megacolon is a rare but fatal complication of GI involvement in SS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of chronic megacolon in a patient with systemic sclerosis.
- To emphasize the importance of timely evaluation and management of GI complications in SS.
- To highlight the role of interventions in preventing life-threatening outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 51-year-old female with a 10-year history of SS.
- Description of symptoms including constipation, bloating, vomiting, and fever.
- Details of failed conservative treatments and subsequent surgical intervention.
Main Results:
- The patient developed chronic megacolon despite conservative management.
- Surgical intervention was ultimately required to address the condition.
- The case underscores the severity of SS-related GI complications.
Conclusions:
- Colonoscopy is vital for monitoring SS progression and therapeutic relief.
- Regular physical examinations can predict conservative treatment failure.
- Prompt surgical intervention is essential to prevent fatal complications in SS patients.
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