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Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
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Spinal epidural abscess post-ureteroscopy: a case report.

Stephanie N Washington1, David D Kim2, Luke F Reynolds3

  • 1The Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

BMC Urology
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare but serious infection. This report details two cases of SEA in immunocompetent patients following ureteroscopy, highlighting the need for urologist awareness.

Keywords:
Laser lithotripsySpinal epidural abscessUreteroscopyUrinary tract infection

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Infectious Disease
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare, potentially fatal infection.
  • Early symptoms like fever and back pain can precede neurological decline.
  • No prior reports exist of SEA in immunocompetent patients post-ureteroscopy with recurrent UTIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel complication of ureteroscopy.
  • To raise awareness among urologists regarding SEA post-procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Case series presentation of two patients.
  • Patients had recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and underwent ureteroscopy (URS) with lithotripsy (LL).

Main Results:

  • Two immunocompetent patients developed spinal epidural abscesses post-ureteroscopy.
  • Both required intervention; one experienced permanent neurological deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Urologists must recognize SEA as a potential complication of ureteroscopy.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for better patient outcomes.