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Chain-Length-Selective Hydrolysis of Polyphosphate Fertilizer on Soil Goethite.

Jingxu Yang1, Lingmei Ji1, Yi Tan1

  • 1Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ammonium polyphosphates (APPs) activate iron and phosphorus in soils. Longer-chain APPs, like APP2, hydrolyze faster with goethite, releasing nutrients and promoting mineral dissolution for better soil fertility.

Keywords:
fertilizationgeochemistrygoethitehydrolysision chromatographypolyphosphate

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Mineralogy

Background:

  • Nutrient availability in soils is influenced by mineralogy and the form of phosphorus.
  • Ammonium polyphosphates (APPs) are a class of fertilizers with varying chain lengths of polyphosphate (Poly-P).
  • Goethite (FeOOH) is a common iron mineral in soils that can interact with phosphorus compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential effects of short-chain (APP1) and long-chain (APP2) ammonium polyphosphates on goethite.
  • To understand the hydrolysis and adsorption mechanisms of APPs on goethite surfaces.
  • To elucidate how APPs influence goethite dissolution and nutrient release.

Main Methods:

  • First-order kinetic modeling to determine hydrolysis rates.
  • Analysis of Poly-P bond lengths before and after adsorption.
  • Investigation of coordination between Poly-Ps and surface Fe3+ on goethite.

Main Results:

  • Goethite and Fe3+ significantly accelerate P-O bond cleavage in APPs, particularly for longer chains in APP2 (209% increase in hydrolysis constant).
  • Adsorption of Poly-Ps to goethite increases terminal P-O bond lengths by 0.02-0.04 Å.
  • Poly-Ps promote goethite dissolution by weakening Fe-O bonds through multi-dentate coordination.

Conclusions:

  • Long-chain Poly-Ps, like APP2, are more readily hydrolyzed in the presence of goethite, supplying available phosphorus.
  • The interaction between APPs and goethite enhances the release of both phosphorus and iron.
  • These findings demonstrate the potential of long-chain APPs to improve nutrient availability in iron-rich soils.