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Orthoflavivirus infection and the mTOR signaling pathway

Yahui Zhang1,2, Jianbo Ba1, Jie Luan1

  • 1Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|April 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses impact millions globally. This review explores how the mTOR signaling pathway influences viral replication and host cell interactions, offering insights into pathogenic mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses (e.g., Zika, dengue) pose a significant global health threat, affecting over 400 million people annually.
  • Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and host-virus interactions of these viruses remains limited.
  • The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is crucial for cellular processes like growth, metabolism, protein translation, and autophagy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between the mTOR signaling pathway and orthoflavivirus infection.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which mTOR influences viral replication and host cell interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on orthoflavivirus structure and life cycle.
  • Analysis of mTOR structure and signaling pathway components.
  • Examination of mTOR pathway regulation during orthoflavivirus infection.

Main Results:

  • The mTOR pathway, including its downstream targets and upstream regulator AKT, plays a significant role in modulating orthoflavivirus replication.
  • mTOR regulates key cellular processes such as protein translation and autophagy, which are exploited by orthoflaviviruses.
  • Specific interactions between viral components and the mTOR pathway components are critical for infection progression.

Conclusions:

  • The mTOR signaling pathway is a key regulator of orthoflavivirus infection.
  • Targeting the mTOR pathway presents a potential strategy for developing antiviral therapies against mosquito-borne orthoflaviviruses.
  • Further research into host-virus interactions centered on the mTOR pathway is warranted.
Keywords:
Zika virusdengue virusmTOR signaling pathwayorthoflavivirusviral replication

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