Prognostic Model and Clinical Features for Overall Survival in Pediatric Liposarcoma: A Population-Based Study

This population-based study examined pediatric liposarcoma (LPS) prognosis and developed a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS).

Data from 145 pediatric LPS patients (2000-2019) were analyzed. Survival curves were compared using log-rank tests and generated via Kaplan-Meier estimation. Cox proportional-hazards regression identified OS-associated variables, and a nomogram was constructed.

Myxoid LPS (72.5%) was the most common subtype, predominantly in extremities (66.8%). Most cases were localized (77.9%), with regional (17.2%) and distant (4.9%) stages less frequent. Surgery alone was the primary treatment (69.0%). OS rates were 90.5% (3-year) and 86.9% (5-year). Localized disease had significantly better survival than distant disease (96.2% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001), and myxoid LPS showed superior OS (p < 0.001). Cox analysis identified primary site (HR 7.78, p = 0.004) and SEER stage (HR 30.44, p < 0.001) as independent prognostic factors.

Pediatric LPS typically presents as localized, extremity-based myxoid tumors with favorable outcomes. High-grade or distant-stage disease, though rare, correlates with poorer survival. The nomogram provides individualized OS prediction to guide clinical management.