[Influence of macromastia on cervical spine and thoracic spine]

Macromastia refers to an excessively large breast volume, which can occur on one or both sides and is disproportionate to the patient's body proportions. Patients with macromastia often suffer from chronic pain of the breasts, shoulders, back and neck, degenerative changes of the spine, increased kyphosis of the thoracic spine, increased lordosis of the cervical and lumbar spine, headache, neurological problems such as dysesthesia of the ulnar nerve and carpal tunnel syndrome. Reduction mammoplasty is the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic macromastia. A resection weight of more than 500 g per side is considered a medically indicated breast reduction by most health insurance companies if weight loss and comprehensive conservative treatment have not led to the desired success. Reduction mammoplasty results in a significant reduction of pain, improved posture and gait with a low complication rate.