Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Selected Data About Geographic Locations01:25

Selected Data About Geographic Locations

27
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
27
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

11.3K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.3K
Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Median of Single Population01:14

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Median of Single Population

112
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the median of a single population is a nonparametric test used to evaluate whether the median of a population differs from a specified value. Unlike parametric tests, it does not require data to follow a normal distribution, making it suitable for non-normal or small samples. The test begins by calculating the difference (d) between each observation and the hypothesized median. The absolute values of these differences are ranked in ascending order, with ties...
112
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

11.9K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
11.9K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

180
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
180

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of cash and near-cash social policies on substance use outcomes: a scoping review.

Health affairs scholar·2026
Same author

Association of Continuous Medicaid Eligibility With Postpartum Coverage and Opioid Use Disorder Treatment.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same author

Correction: Rural/Urban Differences Among American Indian/Alaska Native Peoples in Health Care Access and Outcomes, 2019-2023.

Journal of community health·2026
Same author

Recovery of Pregnancy-Related Death Ratios After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Disparities by Age, Race and Ethnicity, and Geography.

Obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Health Insurance Coverage and Rural-Urban Differences in Maternal Health Care Among Postpartum Women-National Health Interview Survey.

Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)·2026
Same author

Maternal postpartum mood and anxiety disorder symptoms and parent-reported infant health-related quality of life at 1 year: a cohort study.

Archives of disease in childhood·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

10.2K

Self-Reported Versus County-Based Rurality of People Who Gave Birth in 6 US States, 2020.

Katy Backes Kozhimannil1, Emily C Sheffield1, Julia D Interrante1

  • 1Katy Backes Kozhimannil, Emily C. Sheffield, and Julia D. Interrante are with the University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis. Chen Liu was with the Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, at the time of this study. Jamie R. Daw is with the Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health.

American Journal of Public Health
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

County-based rurality measures may misclassify nearly 20% of postpartum individuals, particularly those of lower socioeconomic status. This highlights the need to consider self-reported rurality in public health programs.

More Related Videos

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

11.8K
Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

27.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

10.2K
A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

11.8K
Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

27.0K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Rural Health Disparities
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Accurate classification of rurality is crucial for understanding health disparities and resource allocation.
  • County-based rurality measures are commonly used but may not reflect residents' lived experiences.
  • Postpartum individuals represent a vulnerable population where geographic classification can impact health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the agreement between postpartum individuals' self-reported residence (rural, urban, suburban) and objective county-based rurality classifications.
  • To identify characteristics of postpartum individuals whose self-reported residence differs from their county's designation.
  • To evaluate the implications of discordant classifications for public health policy.

Main Methods:

  • Survey data from 3225 postpartum individuals across 6 US states (January 2021-March 2022) were analyzed.
  • Respondents' self-reported location was compared against county classifications using Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCs).
  • Statistical analysis identified demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with discordant residency classifications.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 80% of participants had concordant self-reported and RUCC-based residency.
  • Nearly 20% of participants were 'rural discordant,' living in urban RUCC counties but self-reporting as rural.
  • Rural discordant individuals were more likely to have lower educational attainment and Medicaid-paid births compared to concordant residents.

Conclusions:

  • County-based rurality measures may misclassify a significant proportion of rural residents.
  • Individuals misclassified by county-based measures often belong to lower socioeconomic strata.
  • Maternal health initiatives should acknowledge discrepancies between objective rurality measures and self-reported residency.