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Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Microfluidic Technique to Probe Cell Deformability
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Shear flow deformability cytometry: A microfluidic method advancing towards clinical use - A review.

Lija Fajdiga1, Špela Zemljič1, Tadej Kokalj2

  • 1Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Shear flow deformability cytometry analyzes cell mechanical properties for diagnostics. This review highlights its clinical potential, applications, and challenges for routine medical use.

Keywords:
Blood analysisCell mechanicsClinical methodDeformability cytometryDiseaseMechanical biomarkersMicrofluidicsSingle-cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Shear flow deformability cytometry is an advanced microfluidic technique for analyzing single cell mechanical and morphological properties.
  • Cell deformability is increasingly recognized as a significant biomarker for various health and disease states.
  • The technique is particularly well-suited for analyzing blood samples due to its operating principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in shear flow deformability cytometry.
  • To highlight its clinical relevance and applications, particularly in blood and cancer cell analysis.
  • To identify barriers hindering clinical adoption and suggest pathways for implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of deformability cytometry principles and factors influencing cell mechanical properties.
  • Focus on shear flow deformability cytometry, a widely adopted variant.
  • Review of recent applications in clinical diagnostics and disease monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Shear flow deformability cytometry offers high throughput (approx. 1000 cells/sec) and robust operation with whole blood.
  • Demonstrated clinical relevance in analyzing blood and cancer cells.
  • Identified key challenges including regulatory approval, manufacturing scalability, and workflow integration.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic shear flow deformability cytometry provides unique insights into mechanical and morphological biomarkers.
  • Addressing critical barriers is essential for successful clinical translation.
  • The technique holds significant potential to bridge the gap between research and routine medical practice.