Physical Literacy, Physical Activity, and Health: A Citation Content Analysis and Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Kinesiology
• Developmental Science

Background:

• Physical literacy research has grown, focusing on definition, measurement, and application.
• A 2019 model positioned physical literacy as a key health determinant, influencing physical activity and adaptations.
• Understanding the impact of this model on physical literacy, physical activity, and health is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the impact of the Cairney et al. model on physical literacy literature.
• To analyze the relationship between physical literacy, physical activity, and health as proposed by the model.
• To identify research gaps concerning the model's components and applications.

Main Methods:

• Citation content analysis of 956 papers citing the 2019 model.
• Narrative review of 16 studies using the model for theoretical frameworks.
• Analysis focused on observational studies of children and young people (ages 4-20).

Main Results:

• Physical literacy correlates with health-related fitness (aerobic, body composition, flexibility, strength).
• Physical literacy is associated with total physical activity (PA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
• Positive relationships were found between physical literacy, health literacy, and well-being, supporting the model.

Conclusions:

• The Cairney et al. model is supported by current research linking physical literacy to health indicators in youth.
• Gaps exist in understanding mediation pathways and the application of the model across diverse populations and the lifespan.
• A pragmatic research approach is recommended to address identified knowledge gaps.