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Optic disc edema with decreased visual function after high-altitude exposure.

Yuyu Li1, Mingming Sun1, Biyue Chen1

  • 1Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital and Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Beijing, 100853, China.

BMC Ophthalmology
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

High-altitude exposure can cause optic disc edema and vision loss. This study details six cases of decreased visual function and visual field defects following exposure to high altitudes.

Keywords:
High altitudeNonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathyOptic disc edemaVisual function

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-ophthalmology
  • Altitude Medicine
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • Optic disc edema is common at high altitudes but usually resolves without lasting visual impairment.
  • However, some individuals experience persistent visual dysfunction after high-altitude exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on six patients who developed optic disc edema and significant visual decline after exposure to high altitudes.
  • To characterize the clinical presentation and outcomes of this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective collection of clinical data from six patients with optic disc edema and decreased visual function after high-altitude exposure.
  • Data included intracranial pressure, blood pressure, and polysomnography.

Main Results:

  • Six patients (11 eyes) presented with optic disc edema and visual impairment, with a delay between altitude exposure and symptom onset.
  • All patients showed initial visual acuity decline and visual field defects, with partial recovery over 6 months.
  • Intracranial pressure was normal in all cases; some patients had comorbidities like hypertension and sleep apnea.

Conclusions:

  • Optic disc edema associated with decreased visual function and visual field defects can occur after high-altitude exposure.
  • This condition may lead to persistent visual field deficits despite resolution of disc edema.