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Related Concept Videos

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy01:22

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The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it...
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Dose-Response Relationship: Overview01:03

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Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
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Time Course of Drug Effect01:14

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The progression of a drug's impact can be analyzed by examining both the concentration-time course and the effect-time course. The concentration-time course is determined by the drug's half-life and is influenced by factors such as its pharmacokinetics, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. The effect of the drug is often related to its concentration in the plasma and is calculated using the maximum drug effect and the plasma concentration that generates 50...
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Agonism and Antagonism: Quantification01:14

Agonism and Antagonism: Quantification

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When drugs are administered, they can elicit either an agonist or antagonist effect on the body. Agonism occurs when a drug activates a specific receptor, triggering a biological response. On the other hand, antagonism happens when a drug binds to the same receptors but blocks their activation, thereby preventing a biological response.
To quantify these effects, researchers use a dose-response curve, which provides valuable information about the potency and efficacy of a drug. Potency refers to...
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Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity01:25

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Drugs exert their therapeutic effects by interacting with receptors, enzymes, or ion channels that are present throughout the human body. The strength and duration of the interaction between a drug and its target receptor are characterized by the selectivity and specificity of the drug. Selectivity refers to a drug's strong preference for its intended target over other targets. For instance, isoprenaline, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, interacts with both β1- and...
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  1. Home
  3. Efficacy Of 18f-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography As A Predictor Of Treatment Response To Neoadjuvant S-1 + Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy For Gastric Cancer.
  1. Home
  3. Efficacy Of 18f-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography As A Predictor Of Treatment Response To Neoadjuvant S-1 + Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy For Gastric Cancer.

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Efficacy of 18F-Fluoro-2-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography as a Predictor of Treatment Response to

Naoki Urakawa1, Shingo Kanaji1, Ryuichiro Sawada1

  • 1Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.)
|April 25, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.
Keywords:
gastric cancerneoadjuvant chemotherapypositron emission tomography

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18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) can predict treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Measuring the percentage decrease in maximum standardized uptake value (ΔSUVmax) enhances prediction accuracy for histological tumor response.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Chemotherapy

Background:

  • Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is standard for advanced gastric cancer, but predicting its effectiveness pre-surgery is difficult.
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers for treatment response is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in predicting response to neoadjuvant S-1+Oxaliplatin (SOX) chemotherapy for gastric cancer.
  • To correlate FDG-PET metrics with histological tumor response and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty patients with advanced gastric cancer received neoadjuvant SOX chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy.
  • FDG-PET scans were performed before and after chemotherapy.
  • Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) changes were analyzed against histological tumor regression and recurrence-free survival.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in SUVmax was observed post-chemotherapy in all patients (p < 0.001).
  • The percentage decrease in SUVmax (ΔSUVmax) correlated with histological response grade.
  • Optimal ΔSUVmax cut-offs of 53% and 75% predicted Grade 1b+ and Grade 2+ responses, respectively.
  • ΔSUVmax > 50% was associated with improved recurrence-free survival (p = 0.027).

Conclusions:

  • FDG-PET, particularly ΔSUVmax, shows promise as a predictive tool for neoadjuvant SOX chemotherapy response in gastric cancer.
  • Utilizing optimal ΔSUVmax thresholds can improve the precision of predicting histological tumor response and patient outcomes.