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Low-Cost 3D-Printed Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope.

Brian Taeju Hwang1, Weston Charles Young1, Charles Campbell2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Loma Linda University, 11370 Anderson St., Loma Linda, California 92354, USA.

Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a low-cost, 3D-printed binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (BIO). This compact, wireless device meets safety standards and offers a portable solution for eye examinations in diverse settings.

Keywords:
3D printingbinocular indirect ophthalmoscopewireless spectacle style

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Existing binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes (BIOs) are often bulky and costly.
  • There is a need for more accessible and portable ophthalmic diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a compact, low-cost binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (BIO) using 3D printing technology.
  • To evaluate the performance and safety of the 3D-printed BIO.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized off-the-shelf electronics and optical components.
  • Employed computer-aided design (CAD) and consumer-grade 3D printing for fabrication.
  • Conducted ocular light safety testing using a spectrometer.

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed BIO cost $182.26 to assemble.
  • The wireless, spectacle-style device weighed 120g, was more compact than commercial alternatives, and featured an integrated battery.
  • The device met International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) safety standards.

Conclusions:

  • High-quality, affordable binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes (BIOs) can be produced via CAD and 3D printing.
  • This innovative 3D-printed BIO presents a viable option for both well-resourced and resource-limited clinical environments.
  • The development facilitates improved accessibility to ophthalmic examination tools.