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VEGF-E Attenuates Injury After Ischemic Stroke by Promoting Reparative Revascularization.

Romain Menet1,2, Leila Nasrallah1,2, Maxime Bernard1,2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-E promotes stable revascularization after ischemic stroke, improving neurological recovery and brain perfusion better than VEGF-A. This suggests VEGF-E as a promising therapeutic for stroke recovery.

Keywords:
VEGF‐Ecerebral ischemiaendothelial cellspericytesrepairtherapeutic angiogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Stroke-induced angiogenesis is crucial for recovery but can be destabilized by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A.
  • VEGF-A therapy carries risks of vascular complications.
  • VEGF-E, a VEGF-A homolog, promotes stable vascularization and wound healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate VEGF-E as a potential therapeutic for reparative revascularization after ischemic stroke.
  • To compare the efficacy and safety of VEGF-E versus VEGF-A in a mouse stroke model.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental stroke was induced in C57BL6/J mice.
  • VEGF-E or VEGF-A was delivered intranasally during the subacute phase.
  • Neurological recovery, vascular density, permeability, and brain perfusion were assessed.
  • Cell-based assays examined endothelial cell-pericyte interactions and signaling pathways (PDGF-D, ERK, MAPK).

Main Results:

  • VEGF-E improved neurological recovery and increased vascular density without compromising permeability, outperforming VEGF-A.
  • VEGF-E restored normal brain perfusion, while VEGF-A caused hyperperfusion.
  • VEGF-E enhanced endothelial cell-pericyte interactions and reduced microvascular stalls.
  • VEGF-E increased PDGF-D expression and activated ERK/MAPK signaling in brain endothelial cells.
  • VEGF-E-stimulated endothelial cells promoted pericyte migration.

Conclusions:

  • VEGF-E promotes stable and functional revascularization after ischemic stroke.
  • VEGF-E offers a safer and more effective alternative to VEGF-A for stroke therapy.
  • VEGF-E's therapeutic potential for ischemic stroke warrants further investigation.