Organic Bioelectronics in Microphysiological Systems: Bridging the Gap Between Biological Systems and Electronic...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Organic Electronics

Background:

• Growing burden of degenerative, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and cancerous diseases.
• Need for innovative approaches in pathophysiology and biological process modulation.
• Organic bioelectronics offers unique ionic-electronic conduction and tissue-mimetic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• Review the integration of conducting polymer (CP)-based bioelectronics.
• Focus on in vivo and in vitro microphysiological systems.
• Highlight monitoring and stimulation capabilities for advancing medicine.

Main Methods:

• Examination of CP integration in various biological systems (monolayers to 3D models, microfluidic chips).
• Review of CP processing into diverse formats (films, hydrogels, scaffolds, fibers).
• Analysis of fabricated bioelectronic devices (arrays, transistors, pumps, photoactuators).

Main Results:

• CPs enable seamless integration with biological systems.
• Diverse formats allow fabrication of advanced bioelectronic devices.
• CP-based bioelectronics can monitor electrical activity, metabolism, and biomarkers.
• Potential for electrical, mechanical, and chemical stimulation demonstrated.

Conclusions:

• Conducting polymers are versatile and biocompatible materials for bioelectronics.
• CP-based bioelectronics are crucial for personalized medicine and regenerative therapies.
• Future directions aim to bridge biological systems and electronic technologies.