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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

Chimeric Nanozyme Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Reprograming Tumor Microenvironment for Safe and Efficient

Fan Zhang^1,2, Qianqian Li^3,4, Haibing Dai¹

¹Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|April 25, 2025

Summary

This study developed novel nanozyme shells using bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and gold nanoparticles. These shells target tumors, triggering cell death and immune responses for effective cancer therapy.

Keywords:

ferroptosis immunomodulation nanozyme outer membrane vesicles tumor

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Published on: May 22, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Cancer Therapy

Background:

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) show potential in drug delivery but can cause toxicity.
Developing targeted and effective cancer therapeutics remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a biocompatible nanozyme shell system for combined tumor therapy.
To enhance OMVs' tumor targeting and reduce systemic toxicity.
To leverage nanozyme activity and chemodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

Constructing chimeric nanozyme shells encapsulating Fe ions and ultrasmall Au nanoparticles within a biocompatible shell.
Utilizing OMVs to shield nanoparticles and improve tumor accumulation.
Employing Au nanoparticles as nanozymes to catalyze glucose consumption and generate H₂O₂ in the tumor microenvironment.
Inducing iron-mediated chemodynamic therapy and immune activation.

Main Results:

The nanozyme shells demonstrated reduced OMVs toxicity and enhanced tumor accumulation.
Au nanoparticles catalyzed glucose consumption, increasing H₂O₂ levels.
The combination of Fe ions and H₂O₂ induced iron-mediated chemodynamic tumor cell death.
Synergistic immune stimulation was observed through antigen release and OMVs.

Conclusions:

The developed nanozyme shells offer a promising strategy for combined cancer therapy.
This approach effectively inhibits tumor growth through nanozyme catalysis, chemodynamic therapy, and immune activation.
The biocompatible shell design improves therapeutic efficacy and safety.