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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
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Causal associations between thyroid function and sarcopenia-related traits: a Mendelian randomization study.

Ting Sun1, Jialu Wu2, Zhe Yan3

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

Hormones (Athens, Greece)
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid hormones causally influence sarcopenia, with free triiodothyronine (FT3) and the FT3 to FT4 ratio being key indicators. This Mendelian randomization study provides insights into age-related muscle loss and thyroid function.

Keywords:
FT3FT3 to FT4 ratioMuscle massSarcopeniaThyroid function

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Gerontology and Geriatrics
  • Human Genetics

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, characterized by impaired physical function, increases with global population aging.
  • Thyroid function disorders are implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a causal relationship between thyroid hormones (TH) and sarcopenia.
  • To utilize a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis for investigating this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a two-sample MR study using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data.
  • Analyzed data from the Thyroidomics Consortium (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [FT4], free triiodothyronine [FT3], FT3/FT4 ratio) and UK Biobank (sarcopenia traits: lean mass, grip strength, walking pace).
  • Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and sensitivity analyses to assess causal effects.

Main Results:

  • Identified correlations between appendicular lean mass (ALM) and TSH, FT4, FT3, and the FT3/FT4 ratio.
  • Established causal relationships between whole-body lean mass (WBLM) and TSH levels (including low and high TSH).
  • Found associations between walking pace and low TSH, and grip strength with TSH (including low TSH). High TSH and FT3 levels were linked to right grip strength.

Conclusions:

  • Confirmed a causal relationship between thyroid function and sarcopenia.
  • Highlighted free triiodothyronine (FT3) and the FT3 to FT4 ratio as significant indicators.
  • Suggested total triiodothyronine (TT3) as a potential area for future research.