A study on the morphometry and classification of variations of the suprascapular notch using computed tomography

The suprascapular notch is one of the anatomical sites most commonly exposed to compressive and traction injuries of the suprascapular nerve. In this preliminary study, we aimed to evaluate the morphological and morphometric features of the notch to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes of nerve compression. This retrospective study was conducted using computed tomography images of the scapula obtained between January 1, 2022, and August 30, 2024. A total of 852 scapulae were evaluated, of which 448 belonged to males and 404 to females. Morphometric measurements included superior transverse diameter, middle transverse diameter, and maximal depth of the notch. In addition, the notch was classified using both the Polguj and Rengachary classification systems. When the measurement parameters were compared between genders, the values were higher in males; however, only the maximal depth showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). According to the Polguj classification, Type 3 was the most common (63.38%). Based on the Rengachary classification, the U-shaped form was the most frequently observed (65.02%), while the J-shaped form was the rarest (3.41%). The foramen shape was detected in 5.75% of cases. The J-shaped variant was found to be approximately four times more common in males than in females. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the notch is likely to be beneficial for both endoscopic and open surgical interventions in the suprascapular region. In particular, three-dimensional computed tomography imaging may be useful in preoperative planning for arthroscopic resection of ossified ligament.