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Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Anterior Uveitis in Axial Spondyloarthritis
Hui Li1, Qin Guo, Tiantian Zhang
1From the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Summary
Machine learning accurately predicts anterior uveitis (AU) risk in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients. Key factors like hip involvement and smoking help identify those needing early intervention to prevent vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology and Immunology
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints.
- Anterior uveitis (AU) is a frequent extra-articular manifestation of axSpA.
- Predicting AU onset in axSpA patients is complex and challenging for traditional methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model for predicting AU onset in axSpA patients.
- To identify key clinical predictors associated with AU risk.
- To enhance early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Historical cohort analysis of 1508 axSpA patients.
- Preprocessing of 54 clinical variables including imputation, factorization, oversampling, outlier capping, and standardization.
- Recursive feature elimination to identify 12 key predictors and assessment of 10 ML algorithms.
Main Results:
- A gradient boosting machine model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting AU risk.
- Shapley additive explanations identified hip involvement, NSAID use, and smoking as significant predictors.
- The model provided interpretable insights into feature contributions for AU risk.
Conclusions:
- The developed ML model effectively predicts AU risk in axSpA patients.
- Identifies high-risk individuals for timely intervention and personalized treatment.
- Aims to prevent severe complications such as vision loss.
