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Related Experiment Video

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Simulated microgravity activates autophagy expression in the rat retina.

Meng Liu1, Yuyu Wang1, Fei Ren2

  • 1The Ninth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.

Life Sciences in Space Research
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Simulated microgravity activates retinal autophagy, specifically endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy), in rats. This response may serve as a protective mechanism against microgravity-induced stress.

Keywords:
Cell autophagyER-phagyRetinaSimulating microgravitySpaceTail suspension

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Area of Science:

  • Space biology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cellular biology

Background:

  • Microgravity affects physiological systems, including the eye.
  • Autophagy plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and stress response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and role of autophagy in the rat retina under simulated microgravity.
  • To explore the activation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy) in response to microgravity.

Main Methods:

  • Adult rats were subjected to tail suspension for 4 weeks to simulate microgravity.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), H&E staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used.
  • Immunofluorescence assay (IFA), Western blot (WB), and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyzed autophagy-related proteins and genes.

Main Results:

  • Simulated microgravity increased retinal thickness and vascular perfusion area.
  • Key autophagy markers (Beclin1, LC3B) and ER-phagy markers (ATF4, CHOP, GRP78) were upregulated, while P62 was downregulated.
  • An increased number of autophagosomes indicated activated autophagy and ER-phagy signaling pathways in the retina.

Conclusions:

  • Microgravity triggers intrinsic protective mechanisms in the retina.
  • Autophagy, particularly ER-phagy, is activated in the retina as a self-defense response to microgravity.
  • These findings highlight the eye's adaptive capacity to spaceflight conditions.