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Computational Modelling of Protected and Unprotected Head Impacts in Rugby.

Thea Hodges1, Adam Jones1, Lucía Pérez Del Olmo1

  • 1School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The N-Pro headguard significantly reduces rugby head impacts by up to 70%, lowering brain injury risk. This study confirms its potential for protecting athletes from severe head trauma.

Keywords:
concussionhead impactimpact monitoring mouthguardinstrumented mouthguardsport biomechanicsvideo reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Head impacts in rugby pose a significant risk of brain injury.
  • Existing protective equipment offers limited protection against severe head trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the protective efficacy of a novel foam headguard, the N-Pro, against simulated rugby head impacts.
  • To quantify the reduction in head acceleration and brain tissue stress/strain achieved by the N-Pro.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated five real-world rugby head impact events using the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model (UCDBTM).
  • Input kinematics derived from video analysis and instrumented mouthguards.
  • Simulations conducted under both unprotected and N-Pro protected conditions against a rigid surface.

Main Results:

  • The N-Pro headguard reduced peak head accelerations by up to approximately 70%.
  • Significant reductions in brain tissue stress and strain were observed with the N-Pro.
  • The headguard effectively attenuated linear and rotational kinematics.

Conclusions:

  • The N-Pro demonstrates significant potential in mitigating the severity of head impacts in rugby.
  • The findings support the use of the N-Pro for reducing the risk of impact-related brain injuries.
  • Combining wearable sensor data with video analysis enhances the accuracy of accident reconstructions.