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Updated: May 10, 2025

Quantification of Circulating Pig-Specific DNA in the Blood of a Xenotransplantation Model

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Published on: September 22, 2020

Abundant β-Defensin Copy Number Variations in Pigs.

Dohun Kim¹, Hye-Sun Cho¹, Mingue Kang¹

¹Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.

|April 26, 2025

Summary

Pig beta-defensins (β-defensins) exhibit extensive copy number variations (CNVs) across breeds. These gene variations correlate with expression and may enhance host resilience against infections.

Keywords:

antimicrobial peptide beta-defensin copy number variation genome pig

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Immunology
Animal Science

Background:

Beta-defensins (β-defensins) are key antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity.
These genes show significant copy number variations (CNVs), potentially serving as markers for host resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify genomic copy numbers of pig beta-defensin (pBD) genes.
To analyze the extent and range of CNVs in pBD genes across commercial pig breeds.

Main Methods:

Developed a quantitative PCR (qPCR) method for estimating pBD gene copy numbers.
Assessed CNVs in 13 pBD genes across 38 animals from four pure breeds and one crossbreed.

Main Results:

Observed CNVs from two to five genomic copies for several pBD genes (pBD114, pBD115, pBD119, pBD124, pBD128, pBD129).
Found breed-specific differences, with lower mean copy numbers in Landrace and higher in Berkshire.
Demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r > 0.9) between copy number and kidney expression for pBD114, pBD119, and pBD129.

Conclusions:

Confirmed extensive CNVs in pig beta-defensins, despite analyzing only a subset of known genes.
Suggests that beta-defensin genomic copy number variation can influence animal resilience and other phenotypes.